{"id":29415,"date":"2026-02-26T08:50:59","date_gmt":"2026-02-26T07:50:59","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.cubro.com\/en\/?page_id=29415"},"modified":"2026-03-31T11:37:39","modified_gmt":"2026-03-31T09:37:39","slug":"what-is-a-network-tap","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/www.cubro.com\/en\/why-cubro\/what-is-a-network-tap\/","title":{"rendered":"What is a Network TAP"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<div class=\"wp-block-getwid-section alignfull alignfull\"><div class=\"wp-block-getwid-section__wrapper\"><div class=\"wp-block-getwid-section__inner-wrapper\"><div class=\"wp-block-getwid-section__background-holder\"><div class=\"wp-block-getwid-section__background has-background\" style=\"background-color:#b8ccd6;background-image:url('https:\/\/www.cubro.com\/en\/wp-content\/uploads\/Headergraphic-WhatIsNetworkTAP.png')\"><div class=\"wp-block-getwid-section__background-image-wrapper\"><img decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-block-getwid-section__background-image\" src=\"https:\/\/www.cubro.com\/en\/wp-content\/uploads\/Headergraphic-WhatIsNetworkTAP.png\" alt=\"headergraphic for the page &quot;What is a Network TAP&quot; of Cubro Network Visibility\"\/><\/div><\/div><div class=\"wp-block-getwid-section__foreground\"><\/div><\/div><div class=\"wp-block-getwid-section__content\"><div class=\"wp-block-getwid-section__inner-content\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-columns is-layout-flex wp-container-core-columns-is-layout-9d6595d7 wp-block-columns-is-layout-flex\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-column is-layout-flow wp-block-column-is-layout-flow\" style=\"flex-basis:50%\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-getwid-advanced-heading has-custom-font-size\" id=\"gda79b7e88b5e\" style=\"font-size:80px\"><h1 class=\"wp-block-getwid-advanced-heading__content has-text-color has-nv-site-bg-color\" style=\"text-align:left;font-family:&quot;Archivo&quot;;font-weight:normal;padding-top:50px;padding-bottom:50px\">What is a Network TAP?<\/h1><\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-column is-layout-flow wp-block-column-is-layout-flow\"><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-getwid-section\"><div class=\"wp-block-getwid-section__wrapper\"><div class=\"wp-block-getwid-section__inner-wrapper\"><div class=\"wp-block-getwid-section__background-holder\"><div class=\"wp-block-getwid-section__background\"><\/div><div class=\"wp-block-getwid-section__foreground\"><\/div><\/div><div class=\"wp-block-getwid-section__content\"><div class=\"wp-block-getwid-section__inner-content\"><nav aria-label=\"breadcrumbs\" class=\"rank-math-breadcrumb\"><p><span class=\"last\">Home<\/span><\/p><\/nav>\n<\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"nv-cv-m wp-block-getwid-section alignfull alignfull\"><div class=\"wp-block-getwid-section__wrapper\"><div class=\"wp-block-getwid-section__inner-wrapper\"><div class=\"wp-block-getwid-section__background-holder\"><div class=\"wp-block-getwid-section__background\"><\/div><div class=\"wp-block-getwid-section__foreground\"><\/div><\/div><div class=\"wp-block-getwid-section__content\"><div class=\"wp-block-getwid-section__inner-content\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-columns are-vertically-aligned-center is-layout-flex wp-container-core-columns-is-layout-9d6595d7 wp-block-columns-is-layout-flex\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-column is-vertically-aligned-center has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-d4506b8ff3ba41b53038591d559bb6f7 is-layout-flow wp-block-column-is-layout-flow\" style=\"color:#0f406e\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-getwid-advanced-heading has-custom-font-size\" style=\"font-size:30px\"><p class=\"wp-block-getwid-advanced-heading__content has-text-color\" style=\"text-align:left;color:#0f406e\">Content Guide<\/p><\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-getwid-table-of-contents is-style-default ticss-1a90ac4c\"><ul class=\"wp-block-getwid-table-of-contents__list\"><li><a href=\"#g62cec8529c8b\">Successful 100G &amp; 400G TAP Delivery: Overcoming Connectivity Challenges<\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"#g3f4a922c4d4e\">What is the primary function of a network tap?<\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"#gd8fac4aa22f1\">Single Mode vs. Multi Mode<\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"#g27eb8bf20724\">100G Ethernet Standards<\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"#g14bce31c58b0\">400G Ethernet Standards<\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"#ga3416d3f2364\">Key Takeaways for Matching Network TAPs with Ethernet Standards<\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"#g7aff3abb4073\">Additional Resources<\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"#gd8fbd796c84e\">FAQs 100G &amp; 400G Network Visibility<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-column is-vertically-aligned-center is-layout-flow wp-block-column-is-layout-flow\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-getwid-advanced-heading has-custom-font-size\" style=\"font-size:22px\"><span class=\"wp-block-getwid-advanced-heading__content\" style=\"line-height:28px\">A network TAP (Test Access Point), whether optical or electrical, is the foundation for providing network visibility, and it must be highly reliable. A TAP is a hardware device,&nbsp;completely passive when optical, that creates a copy of network traffic for monitoring and analysis purposes.&nbsp;TAPs&nbsp;are installed&nbsp;with&nbsp;live links&nbsp;to gain insight into the traffic moving across that link. Cubro has a wide range of fibre (optical) TAP and copper (electrical) TAP.<\/span><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"nv-cv-m wp-block-getwid-section alignfull alignfull getwid-margin-top-medium\"><div class=\"wp-block-getwid-section__wrapper\" style=\"padding-top:50px;padding-bottom:20px\"><div class=\"wp-block-getwid-section__inner-wrapper\"><div class=\"wp-block-getwid-section__background-holder\"><div class=\"wp-block-getwid-section__background has-background\" style=\"background-color:#b8ccd6\"><\/div><div class=\"wp-block-getwid-section__foreground\"><\/div><\/div><div class=\"wp-block-getwid-section__content\"><div class=\"wp-block-getwid-section__inner-content\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-getwid-advanced-heading\" id=\"g62cec8529c8b\"><h2 class=\"wp-block-getwid-advanced-heading__content has-text-color\" style=\"text-align:center;color:#0f406e\">Successful 100G &amp; 400G TAP Delivery: Overcoming Connectivity Challenges<\/h2><\/div>\n\n\n\n<p>The rapid transition from 100G to 400G Ethernet has introduced significant complexities in network monitoring and data acquisition. While 100G TAP deployments are often viewed as standard, critical caveats in fibre and transceiver standards frequently lead to costly connectivity failures.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>As 400G network architecture becomes the new benchmark for data centres, understanding 100G\/400G interoperability and the physical layer requirements is vital. Eliminating these blind spots requires a deep understanding of Layer 1 to ensure a robust and scalable network visibility foundation.<\/p>\n<\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"nv-cv-d nv-cv-m wp-block-getwid-section alignfull alignfull\"><div class=\"wp-block-getwid-section__wrapper\" style=\"padding-top:50px;padding-bottom:30px\"><div class=\"wp-block-getwid-section__inner-wrapper\"><div class=\"wp-block-getwid-section__background-holder\"><div class=\"wp-block-getwid-section__background\"><\/div><div class=\"wp-block-getwid-section__foreground\"><\/div><\/div><div class=\"wp-block-getwid-section__content\"><div class=\"wp-block-getwid-section__inner-content\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-getwid-advanced-heading\" id=\"g3f4a922c4d4e\"><h2 class=\"wp-block-getwid-advanced-heading__content has-text-color\" style=\"text-align:center;color:#0f406e\">What is the primary function of a network tap?<\/h2><\/div>\n\n\n\n<p>Visibility tools and monitoring platforms are only as good as the data they receive.&nbsp; Only TAPs (Test Access Points) guarantee 100% view of the network traffic, providing accurate, complete, and unmodified data.&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>SPAN (Switched Port Analyser), or a mirror port, is a port on a network switch configured to copy traffic from one or more source ports to a destination port for monitoring.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>A mirror session copies the traffic to a SPAN Port. Mirror Session needs to be configured, for example, the following needs to be defined: ingress and\/or egress traffic, source port(s) and destination port. If all the traffic needs to be mirrored, then 50% of the ports need to be defined as SPAN ports.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<div style=\"height:46px\" aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"wp-block-spacer\"><\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-columns has-background is-layout-flex wp-container-core-columns-is-layout-9d6595d7 wp-block-columns-is-layout-flex\" style=\"background-color:#b8ccd6\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-column is-layout-flow wp-block-column-is-layout-flow\" style=\"flex-basis:10%\"><\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-column is-layout-flow wp-block-column-is-layout-flow\" style=\"flex-basis:80%\">\n<figure class=\"wp-block-video\"><video autoplay controls muted src=\"https:\/\/www.cubro.com\/en\/wp-content\/uploads\/TechGraphics-TechnicalBenefits_MonitoringTool-SpanPort.mp4\" playsinline><\/video><\/figure>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-column is-layout-flow wp-block-column-is-layout-flow\" style=\"flex-basis:10%\"><\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<div style=\"height:46px\" aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"wp-block-spacer\"><\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-getwid-advanced-heading\" id=\"g657210e833a1\"><h3 class=\"wp-block-getwid-advanced-heading__content has-text-color\" style=\"text-align:center;color:#0f406e\">SPAN summary<\/h3><\/div>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-table is-style-regular\"><table><tbody><tr><td>Cost<\/td><td>SPAN is a solution built into most network switches, which makes it a cost-effective option for monitoring network traffic.<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Limitations<\/td><td>Limited number of SPAN ports\/mirror sessions, which can introduce costs if an additional switch is needed.<br>Active sessions use hardware resources, risking packet loss and blind spots. May introduce latency.<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Challenges<\/td><td>Requires expert knowledge for configuration. An incorrect setup can impact the production network or result in blind spots or duplicated data.<\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-columns are-vertically-aligned-center is-layout-flex wp-container-core-columns-is-layout-9d6595d7 wp-block-columns-is-layout-flex\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-column is-vertically-aligned-center is-layout-flow wp-block-column-is-layout-flow\" style=\"flex-basis:40%\">\n<p>A network TAP has a different principle. It is a hardware device that copies data as it flows through a network cable\/link. A link is a pair of TX (transmit) and RX (receive) \u2013 also called a full duplex connection. Network TAP sits in-line between two network devices and delivers a 1:1 copy of the traffic running on this link.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-column is-vertically-aligned-center is-layout-flow wp-block-column-is-layout-flow\">\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-large\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.cubro.com\/en\/wp-content\/uploads\/TechGraphic-LinkWithTAP.png\"><img decoding=\"async\" width=\"1280\" height=\"513\" src=\"https:\/\/www.cubro.com\/en\/wp-content\/uploads\/TechGraphic-LinkWithTAP-1280x513.png\" alt=\"Tech Graphic Link with TAP of Cubro Network Visibility\" class=\"wp-image-29437\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.cubro.com\/en\/wp-content\/uploads\/TechGraphic-LinkWithTAP-1280x513.png 1280w, https:\/\/www.cubro.com\/en\/wp-content\/uploads\/TechGraphic-LinkWithTAP-480x192.png 480w, https:\/\/www.cubro.com\/en\/wp-content\/uploads\/TechGraphic-LinkWithTAP-240x96.png 240w, https:\/\/www.cubro.com\/en\/wp-content\/uploads\/TechGraphic-LinkWithTAP-768x308.png 768w, https:\/\/www.cubro.com\/en\/wp-content\/uploads\/TechGraphic-LinkWithTAP-1536x616.png 1536w, https:\/\/www.cubro.com\/en\/wp-content\/uploads\/TechGraphic-LinkWithTAP-2048x821.png 2048w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1280px) 100vw, 1280px\" \/><\/a><\/figure>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-getwid-advanced-heading\" id=\"gbfa9b55e5aa1\"><h3 class=\"wp-block-getwid-advanced-heading__content has-text-color\" style=\"text-align:center;color:#0f406e\">Network TAP summary<\/h3><\/div>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-table\"><table><tbody><tr><td>Cost<\/td><td>Requires additional hardware and installation<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Strengths<\/td><td>Transparency: Provides a 1:1 copy of network traffic, including errored packets<br>Passive Operation: Operates externally without affecting network switches. Optical TAP doesn\u2019t use electrical power<br>Flexibility: Compatible with switches, routers, and firewalls<br>Ease of Use: Plug-and-play device, no configuration needed<br>Isolation: Functions as a data diode, ensuring separation between production network and monitoring networks.<\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/figure>\n<\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"nv-cv-d nv-cv-m wp-block-getwid-section alignfull alignfull\"><div class=\"wp-block-getwid-section__wrapper getwid-padding-top-large getwid-padding-bottom-large\"><div class=\"wp-block-getwid-section__inner-wrapper\"><div class=\"wp-block-getwid-section__background-holder\"><div class=\"wp-block-getwid-section__background has-background\" style=\"background-color:#b8ccd6\"><\/div><div class=\"wp-block-getwid-section__foreground\"><\/div><\/div><div class=\"wp-block-getwid-section__content\"><div class=\"wp-block-getwid-section__inner-content\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-getwid-advanced-heading\" id=\"gd8fac4aa22f1\"><h2 class=\"wp-block-getwid-advanced-heading__content has-text-color\" style=\"text-align:center;padding-bottom:20px;color:#0f406e\">Single Mode vs. Multi Mode<\/h2><\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-columns are-vertically-aligned-center is-layout-flex wp-container-core-columns-is-layout-9d6595d7 wp-block-columns-is-layout-flex\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-column is-vertically-aligned-center is-layout-flow wp-block-column-is-layout-flow\"><div class=\"wp-block-image\">\n<figure class=\"aligncenter size-large is-resized\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.cubro.com\/en\/wp-content\/uploads\/TechGraphic-QSFP-DD-Edge-SurfaceEdmittingLaser.png\"><img decoding=\"async\" width=\"1280\" height=\"791\" src=\"https:\/\/www.cubro.com\/en\/wp-content\/uploads\/TechGraphic-QSFP-DD-Edge-SurfaceEdmittingLaser-1280x791.png\" alt=\"Tech Graphic Singlemode and Multimode - QSFP-DD with edge emitting laser and surface emitting laser of Cubro Network Visibility\" class=\"wp-image-29464\" style=\"width:580px;height:auto\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.cubro.com\/en\/wp-content\/uploads\/TechGraphic-QSFP-DD-Edge-SurfaceEdmittingLaser-1280x791.png 1280w, https:\/\/www.cubro.com\/en\/wp-content\/uploads\/TechGraphic-QSFP-DD-Edge-SurfaceEdmittingLaser-480x297.png 480w, https:\/\/www.cubro.com\/en\/wp-content\/uploads\/TechGraphic-QSFP-DD-Edge-SurfaceEdmittingLaser-240x148.png 240w, https:\/\/www.cubro.com\/en\/wp-content\/uploads\/TechGraphic-QSFP-DD-Edge-SurfaceEdmittingLaser-768x475.png 768w, https:\/\/www.cubro.com\/en\/wp-content\/uploads\/TechGraphic-QSFP-DD-Edge-SurfaceEdmittingLaser.png 1500w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1280px) 100vw, 1280px\" \/><\/a><\/figure><\/div><\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-column is-vertically-aligned-center is-layout-flow wp-block-column-is-layout-flow\">\n<p>Servers, switches and network equipment are electrical devices.&nbsp; Transceivers are connected to the front-end of these devices and convert electrical to optical signals, and vice versa, using lasers and light detectors built into the transceivers. There are two common types of lasers, one is edge-emitting, and the other is surface-emitting.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<div style=\"height:64px\" aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"wp-block-spacer\"><\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-columns are-vertically-aligned-center is-layout-flex wp-container-core-columns-is-layout-62db62f3 wp-block-columns-is-layout-flex\" style=\"padding-top:0;padding-bottom:0\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-column is-vertically-aligned-center is-layout-flow wp-block-column-is-layout-flow\">\n<p>Optical TAP is connected to the network links and receives packets from the fibre links. The cables are either SM (Single Mode) or MM (Multi Mode). Depending on the transmission standard used, 100G over Single Mode can be carried over 1 or 4 different wavelengths, whereas Multi Mode is usually transported over 4 independent physical media, each one carrying 25G. Naturally, the transceivers are not the same for SM and MM as the signal processing is different.&nbsp;<br><\/p>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-column is-vertically-aligned-center is-layout-flow wp-block-column-is-layout-flow\">\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-large\"><img decoding=\"async\" width=\"1280\" height=\"581\" src=\"https:\/\/www.cubro.com\/en\/wp-content\/uploads\/TechGraphic-SinglemodeMulitmode-1280x581.png\" alt=\"Tech Graphic Singlemode and Multimode of Cubro Network Visibility\" class=\"wp-image-29442\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.cubro.com\/en\/wp-content\/uploads\/TechGraphic-SinglemodeMulitmode-1280x581.png 1280w, https:\/\/www.cubro.com\/en\/wp-content\/uploads\/TechGraphic-SinglemodeMulitmode-480x218.png 480w, https:\/\/www.cubro.com\/en\/wp-content\/uploads\/TechGraphic-SinglemodeMulitmode-240x109.png 240w, https:\/\/www.cubro.com\/en\/wp-content\/uploads\/TechGraphic-SinglemodeMulitmode-768x349.png 768w, https:\/\/www.cubro.com\/en\/wp-content\/uploads\/TechGraphic-SinglemodeMulitmode.png 1500w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1280px) 100vw, 1280px\" \/><\/figure>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<div style=\"height:42px\" aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"wp-block-spacer\"><\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-columns are-vertically-aligned-center is-layout-flex wp-container-core-columns-is-layout-9d6595d7 wp-block-columns-is-layout-flex\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-column is-vertically-aligned-center is-layout-flow wp-block-column-is-layout-flow\">\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-large\"><img decoding=\"async\" width=\"1280\" height=\"588\" src=\"https:\/\/www.cubro.com\/en\/wp-content\/uploads\/TechGraphic-SinglemodeMulitmode-Plugs-1280x588.png\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-29443\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.cubro.com\/en\/wp-content\/uploads\/TechGraphic-SinglemodeMulitmode-Plugs-1280x588.png 1280w, https:\/\/www.cubro.com\/en\/wp-content\/uploads\/TechGraphic-SinglemodeMulitmode-Plugs-480x220.png 480w, https:\/\/www.cubro.com\/en\/wp-content\/uploads\/TechGraphic-SinglemodeMulitmode-Plugs-240x110.png 240w, https:\/\/www.cubro.com\/en\/wp-content\/uploads\/TechGraphic-SinglemodeMulitmode-Plugs-768x353.png 768w, https:\/\/www.cubro.com\/en\/wp-content\/uploads\/TechGraphic-SinglemodeMulitmode-Plugs.png 1500w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1280px) 100vw, 1280px\" \/><\/figure>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-column is-vertically-aligned-center is-layout-flow wp-block-column-is-layout-flow\">\n<p>The cables end with connectors. The two main types are LC and MTP\/MPO. LC is on the left in the next drawing.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<div style=\"height:42px\" aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"wp-block-spacer\"><\/div>\n\n\n\n<p>The selection of the TAP depends on the connector type, either LC or MTP\/MPO. In the following example, MTP\/MPO TAP is used. The cable pair from live traffic West, is plugged on the left side of the connector marked as A and live traffic from East to the right side. On the TAP\u2019s monitoring side, the traffic from the West is on the left side and traffic from the East is on the right-hand side, similarly marked as connector A.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-large\"><img decoding=\"async\" width=\"1280\" height=\"298\" src=\"https:\/\/www.cubro.com\/en\/wp-content\/uploads\/TechGraphic-LIveTrafficMonitoringTraffic-1280x298.png\" alt=\"Tech Graphic of TAP - Live Traffic and Monitoring Traffic of Cubro Network Visibility\" class=\"wp-image-29444\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.cubro.com\/en\/wp-content\/uploads\/TechGraphic-LIveTrafficMonitoringTraffic-1280x298.png 1280w, https:\/\/www.cubro.com\/en\/wp-content\/uploads\/TechGraphic-LIveTrafficMonitoringTraffic-480x112.png 480w, https:\/\/www.cubro.com\/en\/wp-content\/uploads\/TechGraphic-LIveTrafficMonitoringTraffic-240x56.png 240w, https:\/\/www.cubro.com\/en\/wp-content\/uploads\/TechGraphic-LIveTrafficMonitoringTraffic-768x179.png 768w, https:\/\/www.cubro.com\/en\/wp-content\/uploads\/TechGraphic-LIveTrafficMonitoringTraffic.png 1500w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1280px) 100vw, 1280px\" \/><\/figure>\n<\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"nv-cv-d nv-cv-m wp-block-getwid-section alignfull alignfull\"><div class=\"wp-block-getwid-section__wrapper\" style=\"padding-top:50px;padding-bottom:50px\"><div class=\"wp-block-getwid-section__inner-wrapper\"><div class=\"wp-block-getwid-section__background-holder\"><div class=\"wp-block-getwid-section__background\"><\/div><div class=\"wp-block-getwid-section__foreground\"><\/div><\/div><div class=\"wp-block-getwid-section__content\"><div class=\"wp-block-getwid-section__inner-content\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-getwid-advanced-heading\" id=\"g27eb8bf20724\"><h2 class=\"wp-block-getwid-advanced-heading__content has-text-color\" style=\"text-align:center;color:#0f406e\">100G Ethernet Standards<\/h2><\/div>\n\n\n\n<p>SM or MM fibres are just the fibre type; interoperability requires that the same matching standard is used. Standard defines the wavelength, modulation, whether multiplexing is used or not and the connector type.&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><\/p>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-getwid-advanced-heading\" id=\"ga80d6e969401\"><h3 class=\"wp-block-getwid-advanced-heading__content has-text-color\" style=\"text-align:center;color:#0f406e\">100G SR4<\/h3><\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-columns are-vertically-aligned-center is-layout-flex wp-container-core-columns-is-layout-9d6595d7 wp-block-columns-is-layout-flex\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-column is-vertically-aligned-center is-layout-flow wp-block-column-is-layout-flow\">\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-large\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.cubro.com\/en\/wp-content\/uploads\/TechGraphic-TAP-100G-SR4.png\"><img decoding=\"async\" width=\"1280\" height=\"762\" src=\"https:\/\/www.cubro.com\/en\/wp-content\/uploads\/TechGraphic-TAP-100G-SR4-1280x762.png\" alt=\"Tech Graphic of TAP - 100G SR4 of Cubro Network Visibility\" class=\"wp-image-29446\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.cubro.com\/en\/wp-content\/uploads\/TechGraphic-TAP-100G-SR4-1280x762.png 1280w, https:\/\/www.cubro.com\/en\/wp-content\/uploads\/TechGraphic-TAP-100G-SR4-480x286.png 480w, https:\/\/www.cubro.com\/en\/wp-content\/uploads\/TechGraphic-TAP-100G-SR4-240x143.png 240w, https:\/\/www.cubro.com\/en\/wp-content\/uploads\/TechGraphic-TAP-100G-SR4-768x457.png 768w, https:\/\/www.cubro.com\/en\/wp-content\/uploads\/TechGraphic-TAP-100G-SR4.png 1500w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1280px) 100vw, 1280px\" \/><\/a><\/figure>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-column is-vertically-aligned-center is-layout-flow wp-block-column-is-layout-flow\">\n<p>For 40G and 100G over Multi Mode the Ethernet standard is called SR4 (short reach, 4 lane). It uses 4 independent fibres for sending and 4 fibres for receiving data at 850 nm wavelength. For 40G each lane carries 10G, whereas 100G has 4 lanes of 25G. The reach of MM with SR4 is 100m or less. 100G SR4 uses MPO-12 connector with UPC (Ultra Physical Contact).<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-getwid-advanced-heading\" id=\"gdc0cd582bcec\"><h3 class=\"wp-block-getwid-advanced-heading__content has-text-color\" style=\"text-align:center;color:#0f406e\">100G PSM4<\/h3><\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-columns are-vertically-aligned-center is-layout-flex wp-container-core-columns-is-layout-9d6595d7 wp-block-columns-is-layout-flex\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-column is-vertically-aligned-center is-layout-flow wp-block-column-is-layout-flow\">\n<p>An Ethernet standard for Single Mode that is similar to MM SR4 is called PSM4 (Parallel Single-Mode 4 channel). It also uses individual fibres, but the wavelength is 1310 nm, and the connector type is MPO \/ APC. PSM4 reach is 1 km under ideal conditions.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><\/p>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-column is-vertically-aligned-center is-layout-flow wp-block-column-is-layout-flow\">\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-large\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.cubro.com\/en\/wp-content\/uploads\/TechGraphic-TAP-100G-PSM4.png\"><img decoding=\"async\" width=\"1280\" height=\"889\" src=\"https:\/\/www.cubro.com\/en\/wp-content\/uploads\/TechGraphic-TAP-100G-PSM4-1280x889.png\" alt=\"Tech Graphic of TAP - 100G PSM4 of Cubro Network Visibility\" class=\"wp-image-29448\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.cubro.com\/en\/wp-content\/uploads\/TechGraphic-TAP-100G-PSM4-1280x889.png 1280w, https:\/\/www.cubro.com\/en\/wp-content\/uploads\/TechGraphic-TAP-100G-PSM4-480x333.png 480w, https:\/\/www.cubro.com\/en\/wp-content\/uploads\/TechGraphic-TAP-100G-PSM4-240x167.png 240w, https:\/\/www.cubro.com\/en\/wp-content\/uploads\/TechGraphic-TAP-100G-PSM4-768x534.png 768w, https:\/\/www.cubro.com\/en\/wp-content\/uploads\/TechGraphic-TAP-100G-PSM4.png 1500w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1280px) 100vw, 1280px\" \/><\/a><\/figure>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-getwid-advanced-heading\" id=\"gfb9a165a5fee\"><h3 class=\"wp-block-getwid-advanced-heading__content has-text-color\" style=\"text-align:center;color:#0f406e\">100G LR4<\/h3><\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-columns are-vertically-aligned-center is-layout-flex wp-container-core-columns-is-layout-9d6595d7 wp-block-columns-is-layout-flex\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-column is-vertically-aligned-center is-layout-flow wp-block-column-is-layout-flow\">\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-large\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.cubro.com\/en\/wp-content\/uploads\/TechGraphic-TAP-100G-LR4.png\"><img decoding=\"async\" width=\"1280\" height=\"889\" src=\"https:\/\/www.cubro.com\/en\/wp-content\/uploads\/TechGraphic-TAP-100G-LR4-1280x889.png\" alt=\"Tech Graphic of TAP - 100G LR4 of Cubro Network Visibility\" class=\"wp-image-29453\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.cubro.com\/en\/wp-content\/uploads\/TechGraphic-TAP-100G-LR4-1280x889.png 1280w, https:\/\/www.cubro.com\/en\/wp-content\/uploads\/TechGraphic-TAP-100G-LR4-480x333.png 480w, https:\/\/www.cubro.com\/en\/wp-content\/uploads\/TechGraphic-TAP-100G-LR4-240x167.png 240w, https:\/\/www.cubro.com\/en\/wp-content\/uploads\/TechGraphic-TAP-100G-LR4-768x534.png 768w, https:\/\/www.cubro.com\/en\/wp-content\/uploads\/TechGraphic-TAP-100G-LR4.png 1500w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1280px) 100vw, 1280px\" \/><\/a><\/figure>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-column is-vertically-aligned-center is-layout-flow wp-block-column-is-layout-flow\">\n<p>SM has several other standards.&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>For 40G and 100G single-mode applications, the highest-reach option is <strong>LR4<\/strong> (Long Range, 4 channels). It uses duplex fibre &#8211; one fibre for transmitting (Tx) and one for receiving (Rx). (long range, 4 channel). It uses 1 fibre for sending and 1 fibre for receiving data. A WDM multiplexer combines the wavelengths at 1296, 1300, 1304, and 1309 nm into a single signal.&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>On the receiving end, the signal is received by the WDM de-multiplexer and divided into 4 channels. The benefit of using SM with this standard is its long reach, which can be up to 10km.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-getwid-advanced-heading\" id=\"g2718f7fc88af\"><h3 class=\"wp-block-getwid-advanced-heading__content has-text-color\" style=\"text-align:center;color:#0f406e\">100G CWDM4<\/h3><\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-columns are-vertically-aligned-center is-layout-flex wp-container-core-columns-is-layout-9d6595d7 wp-block-columns-is-layout-flex\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-column is-vertically-aligned-center is-layout-flow wp-block-column-is-layout-flow\">\n<p>Yet another standard for SM is CWDM4 (Coarse Wavelength Division Multiplexing 4). It has a slightly higher reach than PSM4, but lower than LR4, reaching up to 2 km. Due to the 20nm wavelength difference in the channels the transceivers are cheaper to produce compared to LR4.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><\/p>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-column is-vertically-aligned-center is-layout-flow wp-block-column-is-layout-flow\">\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-large\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.cubro.com\/en\/wp-content\/uploads\/TechGraphic-TAP-100G-CWDM4.png\"><img decoding=\"async\" width=\"1280\" height=\"889\" src=\"https:\/\/www.cubro.com\/en\/wp-content\/uploads\/TechGraphic-TAP-100G-CWDM4-1280x889.png\" alt=\"Tech Graphic of TAP - 100G CWDM4 of Cubro Network Visibility\" class=\"wp-image-29452\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.cubro.com\/en\/wp-content\/uploads\/TechGraphic-TAP-100G-CWDM4-1280x889.png 1280w, https:\/\/www.cubro.com\/en\/wp-content\/uploads\/TechGraphic-TAP-100G-CWDM4-480x333.png 480w, https:\/\/www.cubro.com\/en\/wp-content\/uploads\/TechGraphic-TAP-100G-CWDM4-240x167.png 240w, https:\/\/www.cubro.com\/en\/wp-content\/uploads\/TechGraphic-TAP-100G-CWDM4-768x534.png 768w, https:\/\/www.cubro.com\/en\/wp-content\/uploads\/TechGraphic-TAP-100G-CWDM4.png 1500w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1280px) 100vw, 1280px\" \/><\/a><\/figure>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<p>Compatibility requires that the used standard is the same on both ends. For example, CWDM4 will not work with LR4 because they use different wavelengths, and it will not work with PSM4 because PSM4 uses 4 fiber pairs. SR4, LR4, PSM4 and CWDM4 all use NRZ (non-return -to-zero) line code, where a higher voltage represents 1 and a lower voltage represents zero. NRZ makes the electrical and line rates the same. This concept is important once we look at 400G standards.<\/p>\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-image\">\n<figure class=\"aligncenter size-large is-resized\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.cubro.com\/en\/wp-content\/uploads\/TechGraphic-TAP-100G-Amplitude.png\"><img decoding=\"async\" width=\"1280\" height=\"276\" src=\"https:\/\/www.cubro.com\/en\/wp-content\/uploads\/TechGraphic-TAP-100G-Amplitude-1280x276.png\" alt=\"Tech Graphic of TAP - 100G Amplitude of Cubro Network Visibility\" class=\"wp-image-29455\" style=\"width:923px;height:auto\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.cubro.com\/en\/wp-content\/uploads\/TechGraphic-TAP-100G-Amplitude-1280x276.png 1280w, https:\/\/www.cubro.com\/en\/wp-content\/uploads\/TechGraphic-TAP-100G-Amplitude-480x104.png 480w, https:\/\/www.cubro.com\/en\/wp-content\/uploads\/TechGraphic-TAP-100G-Amplitude-240x52.png 240w, https:\/\/www.cubro.com\/en\/wp-content\/uploads\/TechGraphic-TAP-100G-Amplitude-768x166.png 768w, https:\/\/www.cubro.com\/en\/wp-content\/uploads\/TechGraphic-TAP-100G-Amplitude.png 1500w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1280px) 100vw, 1280px\" \/><\/a><\/figure><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"nv-cv-d nv-cv-m wp-block-getwid-section alignfull alignfull getwid-margin-top-large\"><div class=\"wp-block-getwid-section__wrapper\" style=\"padding-top:50px;padding-bottom:50px\"><div class=\"wp-block-getwid-section__inner-wrapper\"><div class=\"wp-block-getwid-section__background-holder\"><div class=\"wp-block-getwid-section__background has-background\" style=\"background-color:#b8ccd6\"><\/div><div class=\"wp-block-getwid-section__foreground\"><\/div><\/div><div class=\"wp-block-getwid-section__content\"><div class=\"wp-block-getwid-section__inner-content\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-getwid-advanced-heading\" id=\"g14bce31c58b0\"><h2 class=\"wp-block-getwid-advanced-heading__content has-text-color\" style=\"text-align:center;color:#0f406e\">400G Ethernet Standards<\/h2><\/div>\n\n\n\n<p>There are three 400G standards for MM: 400GBASE-SR16, 400GBASE-SR8 and 400GBASE-SR4.2. SM has even more: 400GBASE-DR4, 400GBASE-FR8, 400GBASE-LR8, 400GBASE-ER8, 400GBASE-ZR, 400GBASE-FR4, 400GBASE-LR4, 400GBASE-CWDM8-2 and 400GBASE-CWDM8-10.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-columns are-vertically-aligned-center is-layout-flex wp-container-core-columns-is-layout-9d6595d7 wp-block-columns-is-layout-flex\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-column is-vertically-aligned-center is-layout-flow wp-block-column-is-layout-flow\">\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-large\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.cubro.com\/en\/wp-content\/uploads\/TechGraphic-TAP-400G-Amplitude.png\"><img decoding=\"async\" width=\"1280\" height=\"410\" src=\"https:\/\/www.cubro.com\/en\/wp-content\/uploads\/TechGraphic-TAP-400G-Amplitude-1280x410.png\" alt=\"Tech Graphic of TAP - 400G Amplitude of Cubro Network Visibility\" class=\"wp-image-29460\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.cubro.com\/en\/wp-content\/uploads\/TechGraphic-TAP-400G-Amplitude-1280x410.png 1280w, https:\/\/www.cubro.com\/en\/wp-content\/uploads\/TechGraphic-TAP-400G-Amplitude-480x154.png 480w, https:\/\/www.cubro.com\/en\/wp-content\/uploads\/TechGraphic-TAP-400G-Amplitude-240x77.png 240w, https:\/\/www.cubro.com\/en\/wp-content\/uploads\/TechGraphic-TAP-400G-Amplitude-768x246.png 768w, https:\/\/www.cubro.com\/en\/wp-content\/uploads\/TechGraphic-TAP-400G-Amplitude.png 1500w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1280px) 100vw, 1280px\" \/><\/a><\/figure>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-column is-vertically-aligned-center is-layout-flow wp-block-column-is-layout-flow\">\n<p>400G uses PAM4 (Pulse Amplitude Modulation 4) instead of NRZ. NRZ has two levels, either zero or one, in other words one symbol carries one bit. PAM4 has four levels, each level (symbol) representing 2 bits. This means more efficiency, because PAM4 encoding can carry twice the information compared to NRZ. <\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<div style=\"height:40px\" aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"wp-block-spacer\"><\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-getwid-advanced-heading\" id=\"g5a6cfdd67f47\"><h3 class=\"wp-block-getwid-advanced-heading__content has-text-color\" style=\"text-align:center;padding-top:20px;color:#0f406e\">400G SR8<\/h3><\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-columns are-vertically-aligned-center is-layout-flex wp-container-core-columns-is-layout-9d6595d7 wp-block-columns-is-layout-flex\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-column is-vertically-aligned-center is-layout-flow wp-block-column-is-layout-flow\">\n<p>There are some drawbacks. Reduced SNR (Signal-Noise Ratio) puts higher requirements for links in terms of clock stability and receiver quality. For 100G FEC (Forward Error Correction) is optional, but with 400G, it is mandatory.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>The 400G SR8 looks similar to the 100G SR4 standard, but a total of 8+8 fibres are used with the MPO-16 APC connector.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-column is-vertically-aligned-center is-layout-flow wp-block-column-is-layout-flow\"><div class=\"wp-block-image\">\n<figure class=\"aligncenter size-large is-resized\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.cubro.com\/en\/wp-content\/uploads\/TechGraphic-TAP-400G-SR8.png\"><img decoding=\"async\" width=\"1277\" height=\"1280\" src=\"https:\/\/www.cubro.com\/en\/wp-content\/uploads\/TechGraphic-TAP-400G-SR8-1277x1280.png\" alt=\"Tech Graphic of TAP - 400G SR8 of Cubro Network Visibility\" class=\"wp-image-29461\" style=\"width:462px;height:auto\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.cubro.com\/en\/wp-content\/uploads\/TechGraphic-TAP-400G-SR8-1277x1280.png 1277w, https:\/\/www.cubro.com\/en\/wp-content\/uploads\/TechGraphic-TAP-400G-SR8-480x480.png 480w, https:\/\/www.cubro.com\/en\/wp-content\/uploads\/TechGraphic-TAP-400G-SR8-240x240.png 240w, https:\/\/www.cubro.com\/en\/wp-content\/uploads\/TechGraphic-TAP-400G-SR8-768x770.png 768w, https:\/\/www.cubro.com\/en\/wp-content\/uploads\/TechGraphic-TAP-400G-SR8.png 1500w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1277px) 100vw, 1277px\" \/><\/a><\/figure><\/div><\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-text-align-center\">16 fibres require a TAP device that supports them.<\/p>\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-image\">\n<figure class=\"aligncenter size-full is-resized\"><img decoding=\"async\" width=\"640\" height=\"72\" src=\"https:\/\/www.cubro.com\/en\/wp-content\/uploads\/OPTO-MTP-4_T_small.png\" alt=\"product image of Optoslim MTP 4 of Cubro Network Visibility\" class=\"wp-image-29471\" style=\"width:840px;height:auto\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.cubro.com\/en\/wp-content\/uploads\/OPTO-MTP-4_T_small.png 640w, https:\/\/www.cubro.com\/en\/wp-content\/uploads\/OPTO-MTP-4_T_small-480x54.png 480w, https:\/\/www.cubro.com\/en\/wp-content\/uploads\/OPTO-MTP-4_T_small-240x27.png 240w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 640px) 100vw, 640px\" \/><figcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\">CUB.OPTOSLIM-SR8-4<\/figcaption><\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-getwid-advanced-heading\" id=\"g66a7ff8d06dd\"><h3 class=\"wp-block-getwid-advanced-heading__content has-text-color\" style=\"text-align:center;padding-top:40px;color:#0f406e\">400G DR4, XDR4, PLR4<\/h3><\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-columns are-vertically-aligned-center is-layout-flex wp-container-core-columns-is-layout-9d6595d7 wp-block-columns-is-layout-flex\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-column is-vertically-aligned-center is-layout-flow wp-block-column-is-layout-flow\">\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-large\"><img decoding=\"async\" width=\"1280\" height=\"1074\" src=\"https:\/\/www.cubro.com\/en\/wp-content\/uploads\/TechGraphic-TAP-400G-DR4-XDR4-PLR4-1280x1074.png\" alt=\"Tech Graphic of TAP - 400G DR4, XDR4, PLR4 of Cubro Network Visibility\" class=\"wp-image-29474\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.cubro.com\/en\/wp-content\/uploads\/TechGraphic-TAP-400G-DR4-XDR4-PLR4-1280x1074.png 1280w, https:\/\/www.cubro.com\/en\/wp-content\/uploads\/TechGraphic-TAP-400G-DR4-XDR4-PLR4-480x403.png 480w, https:\/\/www.cubro.com\/en\/wp-content\/uploads\/TechGraphic-TAP-400G-DR4-XDR4-PLR4-240x201.png 240w, https:\/\/www.cubro.com\/en\/wp-content\/uploads\/TechGraphic-TAP-400G-DR4-XDR4-PLR4-768x645.png 768w, https:\/\/www.cubro.com\/en\/wp-content\/uploads\/TechGraphic-TAP-400G-DR4-XDR4-PLR4.png 1500w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1280px) 100vw, 1280px\" \/><\/figure>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-column is-vertically-aligned-center is-layout-flow wp-block-column-is-layout-flow\">\n<p>In the 400G ecosystem, DR4, XDR4, and PLR4 rely on an MPO-12 APC connector with 8 fibres, following the same approach as 100G PSM4.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<div style=\"height:47px\" aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"wp-block-spacer\"><\/div>\n\n\n\n<p>The TAP used for this standard supports 40G, 100G, and 400G interfaces based on multi-fibre transmission with MPO APC, SM, and 1310nm, such as 40G or 100G PSM4 and 400G DR4\/XDR4\/PLR4.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<div style=\"height:47px\" aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"wp-block-spacer\"><\/div>\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-image\">\n<figure class=\"aligncenter size-full is-resized\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.cubro.com\/en\/wp-content\/uploads\/OPTO-MTP-4_T-SM-small.png\"><img decoding=\"async\" width=\"624\" height=\"70\" src=\"https:\/\/www.cubro.com\/en\/wp-content\/uploads\/OPTO-MTP-4_T-SM-small.png\" alt=\"product image of Optoslim MTP 4 SM of Cubro Network Visibility\" class=\"wp-image-29484\" style=\"width:840px;height:auto\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.cubro.com\/en\/wp-content\/uploads\/OPTO-MTP-4_T-SM-small.png 624w, https:\/\/www.cubro.com\/en\/wp-content\/uploads\/OPTO-MTP-4_T-SM-small-480x54.png 480w, https:\/\/www.cubro.com\/en\/wp-content\/uploads\/OPTO-MTP-4_T-SM-small-240x27.png 240w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 624px) 100vw, 624px\" \/><\/a><figcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\">CUB.OPTOSLIM-MTP-SM-4-5<\/figcaption><\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n<p>The 400G FR4 and LR4 standards define the next category of single-mode optical interfaces.<br><\/p>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-getwid-advanced-heading\" id=\"g813666bcb2b1\"><h3 class=\"wp-block-getwid-advanced-heading__content has-text-color\" style=\"text-align:center;padding-top:20px;color:#0f406e\">400G FR4, LR4<\/h3><\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-columns are-vertically-aligned-center is-layout-flex wp-container-core-columns-is-layout-9d6595d7 wp-block-columns-is-layout-flex\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-column is-vertically-aligned-center is-layout-flow wp-block-column-is-layout-flow\">\n<p>400G FR4 and LR4 use wavelength multiplexing to a Single Mode fibre which is exactly as used for 100G LR4. Thus, tapping also follows the same principle, and the TAP device that works for 100G LR4 can also be used for 400G FR4 and 400G LR4. Moreover, the same TAP can also be used for 1G LR and 10G LR.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-column is-vertically-aligned-center is-layout-flow wp-block-column-is-layout-flow\">\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-large\"><img decoding=\"async\" width=\"1280\" height=\"880\" src=\"https:\/\/www.cubro.com\/en\/wp-content\/uploads\/TechGraphic-TAP-400G-FR4-LR4-1280x880.png\" alt=\"Tech Graphic of TAP - 400G FR4, LR4 of Cubro Network Visibility\" class=\"wp-image-29475\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.cubro.com\/en\/wp-content\/uploads\/TechGraphic-TAP-400G-FR4-LR4-1280x880.png 1280w, https:\/\/www.cubro.com\/en\/wp-content\/uploads\/TechGraphic-TAP-400G-FR4-LR4-480x330.png 480w, https:\/\/www.cubro.com\/en\/wp-content\/uploads\/TechGraphic-TAP-400G-FR4-LR4-240x165.png 240w, https:\/\/www.cubro.com\/en\/wp-content\/uploads\/TechGraphic-TAP-400G-FR4-LR4-768x528.png 768w, https:\/\/www.cubro.com\/en\/wp-content\/uploads\/TechGraphic-TAP-400G-FR4-LR4.png 1500w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1280px) 100vw, 1280px\" \/><\/figure>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<div style=\"height:47px\" aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"wp-block-spacer\"><\/div>\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-image\">\n<figure class=\"aligncenter size-full is-resized\"><img decoding=\"async\" width=\"640\" height=\"74\" src=\"https:\/\/www.cubro.com\/en\/wp-content\/uploads\/OPTOSLIM_8L_T_small.png\" alt=\"product image of Optoslim-8L-SM-5 of Cubro Network Visibility\" class=\"wp-image-29473\" style=\"width:840px;height:auto\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.cubro.com\/en\/wp-content\/uploads\/OPTOSLIM_8L_T_small.png 640w, https:\/\/www.cubro.com\/en\/wp-content\/uploads\/OPTOSLIM_8L_T_small-480x56.png 480w, https:\/\/www.cubro.com\/en\/wp-content\/uploads\/OPTOSLIM_8L_T_small-240x28.png 240w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 640px) 100vw, 640px\" \/><figcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\">CUB.OPTOSLIM-8L-SM-5<\/figcaption><\/figure><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"nv-cv-d nv-cv-m wp-block-getwid-section alignfull alignfull\"><div class=\"wp-block-getwid-section__wrapper\" style=\"padding-top:50px;padding-bottom:20px\"><div class=\"wp-block-getwid-section__inner-wrapper\"><div class=\"wp-block-getwid-section__background-holder\"><div class=\"wp-block-getwid-section__background\"><\/div><div class=\"wp-block-getwid-section__foreground\"><\/div><\/div><div class=\"wp-block-getwid-section__content\"><div class=\"wp-block-getwid-section__inner-content\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-getwid-advanced-heading\" id=\"ga3416d3f2364\"><h2 class=\"wp-block-getwid-advanced-heading__content has-text-color\" style=\"text-align:center;color:#0f406e\">Key Takeaways for Matching Network TAPs with Ethernet Standards<\/h2><\/div>\n\n\n\n<p>For any tapping application, the underlying principle of transmission needs to be understood. TAP needs to be selected based on the Ethernet Standard used. A bit exaggerated example: A TAP that works for 1G over Multi Mode fibre (=1G SR standard) cannot be used for 100G SR4 or 400G SR8, because it uses completely different technology. Furthermore, 400G requires even more attention; 400G introduces new Ethernet standards that are sometimes not compatible with older ones.<\/p>\n<\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"nv-cv-d nv-cv-m wp-block-getwid-section alignfull alignfull\"><div class=\"wp-block-getwid-section__wrapper getwid-padding-top-large getwid-padding-bottom-large\"><div class=\"wp-block-getwid-section__inner-wrapper\"><div class=\"wp-block-getwid-section__background-holder\"><div class=\"wp-block-getwid-section__background has-background\" style=\"background-color:#b8ccd6\"><\/div><div class=\"wp-block-getwid-section__foreground\"><\/div><\/div><div class=\"wp-block-getwid-section__content\"><div class=\"wp-block-getwid-section__inner-content\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-getwid-advanced-heading\" id=\"g7aff3abb4073\"><h2 class=\"wp-block-getwid-advanced-heading__content has-text-color\" style=\"text-align:center;color:#0f406e\">Additional Resources<\/h2><\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-columns is-layout-flex wp-container-core-columns-is-layout-9d6595d7 wp-block-columns-is-layout-flex\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-column border-soft-lightblue has-nv-text-dark-bg-background-color has-background is-layout-flow wp-block-column-is-layout-flow\"><div class=\"lazyblock-linked-box-Z1g8BwB wp-block-lazyblock-linked-box\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.cubro.com\/en\/resources\/white-paper\/\" target=\"_blank\"><div class=\"linked_box max-height-120\" style=\"text-align:center;\"><div class=\"default-content\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/www.cubro.com\/en\/wp-content\/uploads\/resources_white-paper.png\" alt=\"Cubro Network Visibility icon of white paper\" \/><p class=\"linked-title\">The First Step to Visibility &#8211; Network TAPs<\/p><\/div><\/div><\/a><\/div><\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-column border-soft-lightblue has-nv-site-bg-background-color has-background is-layout-flow wp-block-column-is-layout-flow\"><div class=\"lazyblock-linked-box-ZfSmt6 wp-block-lazyblock-linked-box\"><div class=\"linked_box max-height-120\" style=\"text-align:center;\"><div class=\"default-content\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/www.cubro.com\/en\/wp-content\/uploads\/webinar.png\" alt=\"Cubro Network Visibility Icon of webinars\" \/><p class=\"linked-title\">How to Build a Robust Network Visibility Foundation with Network TAPs-Webinar Recording<\/p><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-column border-soft-lightblue has-nv-site-bg-background-color has-background is-layout-flow wp-block-column-is-layout-flow\"><div class=\"lazyblock-linked-box-20pAk4 wp-block-lazyblock-linked-box\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.cubro.com\/en\/support\/technical-training\/\"><div class=\"linked_box max-height-120\" style=\"text-align:center;\"><div class=\"default-content\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/www.cubro.com\/en\/wp-content\/uploads\/icon_training-modules.png\" alt=\"icon for training modules\" \/><p class=\"linked-title\">Technical Trainings<\/p><\/div><\/div><\/a><\/div><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"nv-cv-d nv-cv-m wp-block-getwid-section alignfull alignfull\"><div class=\"wp-block-getwid-section__wrapper getwid-padding-top-large\"><div class=\"wp-block-getwid-section__inner-wrapper\"><div class=\"wp-block-getwid-section__background-holder\"><div class=\"wp-block-getwid-section__background\"><\/div><div class=\"wp-block-getwid-section__foreground\"><\/div><\/div><div class=\"wp-block-getwid-section__content\"><div class=\"wp-block-getwid-section__inner-content\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-getwid-advanced-heading\" id=\"gd8fbd796c84e\"><h2 class=\"wp-block-getwid-advanced-heading__content has-text-color\" style=\"text-align:center;color:#12668d\">FAQs 100G &amp; 400G Network Visibility<\/h2><\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-getwid-accordion accordion-blue\" data-active-element=\"none\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-getwid-accordion__header-wrapper\"><h4 class=\"wp-block-getwid-accordion__header\"><a href=\"#\"><span class=\"wp-block-getwid-accordion__header-title\"><strong>What is the main difference between 100G and 400G signalling?<\/strong><\/span><span class=\"wp-block-getwid-accordion__icon is-active\"><i class=\"fas fa-angle-down\"><\/i><\/span><span class=\"wp-block-getwid-accordion__icon is-passive\"><i class=\"fas fa-angle-up\"><\/i><\/span><\/a><\/h4><\/div><div class=\"wp-block-getwid-accordion__content-wrapper\"><div class=\"wp-block-getwid-accordion__content\">\n<p>The primary difference lies in the modulation. 100G typically uses NRZ (Non-Return-to-Zero) signalling, where one symbol carries one bit. 400G utilises PAM4 (Pulse Amplitude Modulation 4-level), which carries two bits per symbol. While PAM4 is more efficient, it significantly reduces the Signal-to-Noise Ratio (SNR), making Forward Error Correction (FEC) mandatory for 400G.<\/p>\n<\/div><\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-getwid-accordion__header-wrapper\"><h4 class=\"wp-block-getwid-accordion__header\"><a href=\"#\"><span class=\"wp-block-getwid-accordion__header-title\"><strong>Why shouldn&#8217;t I use SPAN ports for 100G or 400G monitoring?<\/strong><\/span><span class=\"wp-block-getwid-accordion__icon is-active\"><i class=\"fas fa-angle-down\"><\/i><\/span><span class=\"wp-block-getwid-accordion__icon is-passive\"><i class=\"fas fa-angle-up\"><\/i><\/span><\/a><\/h4><\/div><div class=\"wp-block-getwid-accordion__content-wrapper\"><div class=\"wp-block-getwid-accordion__content\">\n<p>At high speeds, SPAN (mirror) ports often become a bottleneck. They consume switch hardware resources, which can lead to packet loss and increased latency. Furthermore, SPAN ports often filter out errored packets. Only a passive network TAP guarantees a 1:1 copy of all traffic, including physical layer errors, without impacting production network performance.<\/p>\n<\/div><\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-getwid-accordion__header-wrapper\"><h4 class=\"wp-block-getwid-accordion__header\"><a href=\"#\"><span class=\"wp-block-getwid-accordion__header-title\"><strong>Can I use a 100G TAP for a 400G link?<\/strong><\/span><span class=\"wp-block-getwid-accordion__icon is-active\"><i class=\"fas fa-angle-down\"><\/i><\/span><span class=\"wp-block-getwid-accordion__icon is-passive\"><i class=\"fas fa-angle-up\"><\/i><\/span><\/a><\/h4><\/div><div class=\"wp-block-getwid-accordion__content-wrapper\"><div class=\"wp-block-getwid-accordion__content\">\n<p>It depends on the standard. A 100G PSM4 TAP may be compatible with 400G DR4, XDR4, and PLR4 interfaces because they both utilise MPO-12 APC connectors and 8-fiber Single-Mode transmission. However, standards like 400G SR8 require an MPO-16 connector and 16 fibres, which are incompatible with standard 100G hardware.<\/p>\n<\/div><\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-getwid-accordion__header-wrapper\"><h4 class=\"wp-block-getwid-accordion__header\"><a href=\"#\"><span class=\"wp-block-getwid-accordion__header-title\"><strong>What is the difference between SR4, LR4, and CWDM4 for 100G?<\/strong><\/span><span class=\"wp-block-getwid-accordion__icon is-active\"><i class=\"fas fa-angle-down\"><\/i><\/span><span class=\"wp-block-getwid-accordion__icon is-passive\"><i class=\"fas fa-angle-up\"><\/i><\/span><\/a><\/h4><\/div><div class=\"wp-block-getwid-accordion__content-wrapper\"><div class=\"wp-block-getwid-accordion__content\">\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>SR4 (Short Reach): Multi-mode fibre, uses 8 fibres (4 TX\/4 RX) via MPO-12\/UPC connectors.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>LR4 (Long Range): Single-mode fibre, uses WDM to multiplex 4 wavelengths over a single fibre pair via LC connectors (up to 10km).<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>CWDM4: Similar to LR4 but optimised for shorter distances (up to 2km), making the transceivers more cost-effective. It is not compatible with LR4.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/div><\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-getwid-accordion__header-wrapper\"><h4 class=\"wp-block-getwid-accordion__header\"><a href=\"#\"><span class=\"wp-block-getwid-accordion__header-title\"><strong>&nbsp;Why is connector choice (LC vs. MPO) critical for TAP delivery?<\/strong><\/span><span class=\"wp-block-getwid-accordion__icon is-active\"><i class=\"fas fa-angle-down\"><\/i><\/span><span class=\"wp-block-getwid-accordion__icon is-passive\"><i class=\"fas fa-angle-up\"><\/i><\/span><\/a><\/h4><\/div><div class=\"wp-block-getwid-accordion__content-wrapper\"><div class=\"wp-block-getwid-accordion__content\">\n<p>The TAP must match the physical cabling of the live link. LC connectors are typically used for multi-wavelength signals (like LR4), while MPO\/MTP connectors are used for parallel fibre signals (like SR4 or PSM4). Selecting the wrong connector type or the wrong endface (APC vs. UPC) will prevent the link from establishing a connection.<\/p>\n<\/div><\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-getwid-accordion__header-wrapper\"><h4 class=\"wp-block-getwid-accordion__header\"><a href=\"#\"><span class=\"wp-block-getwid-accordion__header-title\"><strong>Does an optical TAP require power?<\/strong><\/span><span class=\"wp-block-getwid-accordion__icon is-active\"><i class=\"fas fa-angle-down\"><\/i><\/span><span class=\"wp-block-getwid-accordion__icon is-passive\"><i class=\"fas fa-angle-up\"><\/i><\/span><\/a><\/h4><\/div><div class=\"wp-block-getwid-accordion__content-wrapper\"><div class=\"wp-block-getwid-accordion__content\">\n<p>No. A passive optical TAP operates without electrical power. It uses a splitter to physically &#8220;split&#8221; the light signal, ensuring the TAP remains a &#8220;data diode&#8221; that cannot be hacked and will not fail even if the monitoring tool loses power.<\/p>\n<\/div><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"nv-cv-d nv-cv-m wp-block-getwid-section alignfull ticss-463d19d6 alignfull\" style=\"margin-top:60px;margin-bottom:30px\"><div class=\"wp-block-getwid-section__wrapper\" style=\"padding-top:4px;padding-bottom:0px\"><div class=\"wp-block-getwid-section__inner-wrapper\"><div class=\"wp-block-getwid-section__background-holder\"><div class=\"wp-block-getwid-section__background has-background has-nv-dark-bg-background-color\"><\/div><div class=\"wp-block-getwid-section__foreground\"><\/div><\/div><div class=\"wp-block-getwid-section__content\"><div class=\"wp-block-getwid-section__inner-content\"><div class=\"wp-block-image is-style-default ticss-b2896e02\">\n<figure class=\"aligncenter size-large is-resized\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/www.cubro.com\/en\/wp-content\/uploads\/CNV-Logo_just-symbol_divider.png\" alt=\"\" width=\"30\" height=\"48\"\/><\/figure><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div>\n\n\n<p class=\"newsletter-headline\">Newsletter - Stay up to date with Cubro Bytes<\/p><div class=\"zweispaltig\"><div class=\"spalte\" style=\"margin-top:30px;padding-left:30px;padding-right:30px;\">\r\n\t\t\t<div style=\"padding-bottom:15px; text-align:center;\">\r\n\t\t\t  <img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/www.cubro.com\/en\/wp-content\/uploads\/icon_newsletter.png\" \r\n\t\t\t       width=\"200\" \r\n\t\t\t       style=\"padding-bottom:10px;\">\r\n\t\t\t<\/div>\r\n\r\n\t\t\t<p style=\"font-size:20px;\">Our newsletter provides thought leadership content about the industry. It is concise and has interesting content to keep you updated with what\u2019s new at Cubro and in the industry. You can unsubscribe anytime with a single click.<\/p>\r\n\t\t\t<\/div><div class=\"spalte\"><!-- Begin Brevo Form -->\r\n<!-- START - We recommend to place the below code in head tag of your website html  -->\r\n<style>\r\n  @font-face {\r\n    font-display: block;\r\n    font-family: Roboto;\r\n    src: url(https:\/\/assets.brevo.com\/font\/Roboto\/Latin\/normal\/normal\/7529907e9eaf8ebb5220c5f9850e3811.woff2) format(\"woff2\"), url(https:\/\/assets.brevo.com\/font\/Roboto\/Latin\/normal\/normal\/25c678feafdc175a70922a116c9be3e7.woff) format(\"woff\")\r\n  }\r\n\r\n  @font-face {\r\n    font-display: fallback;\r\n    font-family: Roboto;\r\n    font-weight: 600;\r\n    src: url(https:\/\/assets.brevo.com\/font\/Roboto\/Latin\/medium\/normal\/6e9caeeafb1f3491be3e32744bc30440.woff2) format(\"woff2\"), url(https:\/\/assets.brevo.com\/font\/Roboto\/Latin\/medium\/normal\/71501f0d8d5aa95960f6475d5487d4c2.woff) format(\"woff\")\r\n  }\r\n\r\n  @font-face {\r\n    font-display: fallback;\r\n    font-family: Roboto;\r\n    font-weight: 700;\r\n    src: url(https:\/\/assets.brevo.com\/font\/Roboto\/Latin\/bold\/normal\/3ef7cf158f310cf752d5ad08cd0e7e60.woff2) format(\"woff2\"), url(https:\/\/assets.brevo.com\/font\/Roboto\/Latin\/bold\/normal\/ece3a1d82f18b60bcce0211725c476aa.woff) format(\"woff\")\r\n  }\r\n\r\n  #sib-container input:-ms-input-placeholder {\r\n    text-align: left;\r\n    font-family: Helvetica, sans-serif;\r\n    color: #c0ccda;\r\n  }\r\n\r\n  #sib-container input::placeholder {\r\n    text-align: left;\r\n    font-family: Helvetica, sans-serif;\r\n    color: #c0ccda;\r\n  }\r\n\r\n  #sib-container textarea::placeholder {\r\n    text-align: left;\r\n    font-family: Helvetica, sans-serif;\r\n    color: #c0ccda;\r\n  }\r\n\r\n  #sib-container a {\r\n    text-decoration: underline;\r\n    color: #2BB2FC;\r\n  }\r\n\r\n  label.entry__label {\r\n  \tmargin-bottom:1px;\r\n  }\r\n\r\n  .sib-form {\r\n  \tpadding-left:0!important;\r\n  \tpadding-right:0!important;\r\n  }\r\n\r\n  #sib-container {\r\n  \tpadding:0!important;\r\n  }\r\n\r\n  .recaptcha-text {\r\n  \tfont-size:12px!important;\r\n  }\r\n\r\n  .recaptcha-text a {\r\n    color: #d8522c!important;\r\n    text-decoration: underline;\r\n  }\r\n\r\n  button {\r\n    font-size:16px;\r\n    text-align:left;\r\n    font-weight:700;\r\n    font-family:Helvetica, sans-serif;\r\n    color:#FFFFFF;\r\n    background-color:#84a6ad;\r\n    border-radius:3px;\r\n    border-width:8px;\r\n  }\r\n\r\n  button:hover {\r\n    color:#FFFFFF;\r\n    background-color:#333333;\r\n  }\r\n\r\n  \/* --- Brevo Formular: 2-spaltiges Layout f\u00fcr die ersten 4 Felder --- *\/\r\n\r\n  \/* Grid auf die direkten Kinder des <form> anwenden (die Wrapper mit padding) *\/\r\n  #sib-container #sib-form {\r\n    display: grid;\r\n    grid-template-columns: 1fr 1fr;\r\n    column-gap: 16px;\r\n    row-gap: 0; \/* da die Wrapper schon padding haben *\/\r\n  }\r\n\r\n  \/* Alle Wrapper-Blocks standardm\u00e4\u00dfig: eine Spalte *\/\r\n  #sib-container #sib-form > div {\r\n    grid-column: span 1;\r\n  }\r\n\r\n  \/* 5. Block = Email (vollbreit) *\/\r\n  #sib-container #sib-form > div:nth-of-type(5) {\r\n    grid-column: 1 \/ -1;\r\n  }\r\n\r\n  \/* 6. Block = Button (vollbreit) *\/\r\n  #sib-container #sib-form > div:nth-of-type(6) {\r\n    grid-column: 1 \/ -1;\r\n  }\r\n\r\n  \/* Hidden Inputs am Ende: vollbreit und ohne Layout-Effekt *\/\r\n  #sib-container #sib-form > input {\r\n    grid-column: 1 \/ -1;\r\n  }\r\n\r\n  \/* Mobile: alles untereinander *\/\r\n  @media (max-width: 640px) {\r\n    #sib-container #sib-form {\r\n      grid-template-columns: 1fr;\r\n    }\r\n    #sib-container #sib-form > div,\r\n    #sib-container #sib-form > div:nth-of-type(5),\r\n    #sib-container #sib-form > div:nth-of-type(6) {\r\n      grid-column: 1 \/ -1;\r\n    }\r\n  }\r\n\r\n\r\n<\/style>\r\n<link rel=\"stylesheet\" href=\"https:\/\/sibforms.com\/forms\/end-form\/build\/sib-styles.css\">\r\n<!--  END - We recommend to place the above code in head tag of your website html -->\r\n\r\n<!-- START - We recommend to place the below code where you want the form in your website html  -->\r\n<div class=\"sib-form\" style=\"text-align: center; background-color: #ffffff;\">\r\n  <div id=\"sib-form-container\" class=\"sib-form-container\">\r\n    <div id=\"error-message\" class=\"sib-form-message-panel\" style=\"font-size:16px; text-align:left; font-family:Helvetica, sans-serif; color:#661d1d; background-color:#ffeded; border-radius:3px; border-color:#ff4949;max-width:540px;\">\r\n      <div class=\"sib-form-message-panel__text sib-form-message-panel__text--center\">\r\n        <svg viewBox=\"0 0 512 512\" class=\"sib-icon sib-notification__icon\">\r\n          <path d=\"M256 40c118.621 0 216 96.075 216 216 0 119.291-96.61 216-216 216-119.244 0-216-96.562-216-216 0-119.203 96.602-216 216-216m0-32C119.043 8 8 119.083 8 256c0 136.997 111.043 248 248 248s248-111.003 248-248C504 119.083 392.957 8 256 8zm-11.49 120h22.979c6.823 0 12.274 5.682 11.99 12.5l-7 168c-.268 6.428-5.556 11.5-11.99 11.5h-8.979c-6.433 0-11.722-5.073-11.99-11.5l-7-168c-.283-6.818 5.167-12.5 11.99-12.5zM256 340c-15.464 0-28 12.536-28 28s12.536 28 28 28 28-12.536 28-28-12.536-28-28-28z\" \/>\r\n        <\/svg>\r\n        <span class=\"sib-form-message-panel__inner-text\">\r\n                          Deine Anmeldung konnte nicht gespeichert werden. Bitte versuche es erneut.\r\n                      <\/span>\r\n      <\/div>\r\n    <\/div>\r\n    <div><\/div>\r\n    <div id=\"success-message\" class=\"sib-form-message-panel\" style=\"font-size:16px; text-align:left; font-family:Helvetica, sans-serif; color:#085229; background-color:#e7faf0; border-radius:3px; border-color:#13ce66;max-width:540px;\">\r\n      <div class=\"sib-form-message-panel__text sib-form-message-panel__text--center\">\r\n        <svg viewBox=\"0 0 512 512\" class=\"sib-icon sib-notification__icon\">\r\n          <path d=\"M256 8C119.033 8 8 119.033 8 256s111.033 248 248 248 248-111.033 248-248S392.967 8 256 8zm0 464c-118.664 0-216-96.055-216-216 0-118.663 96.055-216 216-216 118.664 0 216 96.055 216 216 0 118.663-96.055 216-216 216zm141.63-274.961L217.15 376.071c-4.705 4.667-12.303 4.637-16.97-.068l-85.878-86.572c-4.667-4.705-4.637-12.303.068-16.97l8.52-8.451c4.705-4.667 12.303-4.637 16.97.068l68.976 69.533 163.441-162.13c4.705-4.667 12.303-4.637 16.97.068l8.451 8.52c4.668 4.705 4.637 12.303-.068 16.97z\" \/>\r\n        <\/svg>\r\n        <span class=\"sib-form-message-panel__inner-text\">\r\n                          Deine Anmeldung war erfolgreich.\r\n                      <\/span>\r\n      <\/div>\r\n    <\/div>\r\n    <div><\/div>\r\n    <div id=\"sib-container\" class=\"sib-container--large sib-container--vertical\" style=\"text-align:center; background-color:rgba(255,255,255,1); max-width:800px; direction:ltr\">\r\n      <form id=\"sib-form\" method=\"POST\" action=\"https:\/\/24bf8055.sibforms.com\/serve\/MUIFAJW5hHXD-knlsGlqSNUcW_X6H-wyIG1XBfBHC1n-r5oWiLIKRNXRDNGHx0jhUUIpnWTh-6f1BKAE6jFyyE4DZupZc0qg-pyk2DusTzZA-sd2kmqr439RPzb-vYZRTRcXHsAxYa16e-8CaDLXh2IKxteM8S8ICusLl-WDN0JwkdZsIhe032CYNNlX8zi1nT5UbXdwGO0854j7\" data-type=\"subscription\">\r\n        <div style=\"padding: 8px 0;\">\r\n          <div class=\"sib-input sib-form-block\">\r\n            <div class=\"form__entry entry_block\">\r\n              <div class=\"form__label-row \">\r\n                <label class=\"entry__label\" style=\"font-weight: 500; text-align:left; font-size:16px; text-align:left; font-family:Helvetica, sans-serif; color:#3c4858;\" for=\"FIRSTNAME\" data-required=\"*\">First Name<\/label>\r\n\r\n                <div class=\"entry__field\">\r\n                  <input class=\"input \" maxlength=\"200\" type=\"text\" id=\"FIRSTNAME\" name=\"FIRSTNAME\" autocomplete=\"off\" data-required=\"true\" required \/>\r\n                <\/div>\r\n              <\/div>\r\n\r\n              <label class=\"entry__error entry__error--primary\" style=\"font-size:16px; text-align:left; font-family:Helvetica, sans-serif; color:#661d1d; background-color:#ffeded; border-radius:3px; border-color:#ff4949;\">\r\n              <\/label>\r\n            <\/div>\r\n          <\/div>\r\n        <\/div>\r\n        <div style=\"padding: 8px 0;\">\r\n          <div class=\"sib-input sib-form-block\">\r\n            <div class=\"form__entry entry_block\">\r\n              <div class=\"form__label-row \">\r\n                <label class=\"entry__label\" style=\"font-weight: 500; text-align:left; font-size:16px; text-align:left; font-family:Helvetica, sans-serif; color:#3c4858;\" for=\"LASTNAME\" data-required=\"*\">Last Name<\/label>\r\n\r\n                <div class=\"entry__field\">\r\n                  <input class=\"input \" maxlength=\"200\" type=\"text\" id=\"LASTNAME\" name=\"LASTNAME\" autocomplete=\"off\" data-required=\"true\" required \/>\r\n                <\/div>\r\n              <\/div>\r\n\r\n              <label class=\"entry__error entry__error--primary\" style=\"font-size:16px; text-align:left; font-family:Helvetica, sans-serif; color:#661d1d; background-color:#ffeded; border-radius:3px; border-color:#ff4949;\">\r\n              <\/label>\r\n            <\/div>\r\n          <\/div>\r\n        <\/div>\r\n        <div style=\"padding: 8px 0;\">\r\n          <div class=\"sib-input sib-form-block\">\r\n            <div class=\"form__entry entry_block\">\r\n              <div class=\"form__label-row \">\r\n                <label class=\"entry__label\" style=\"font-weight: 500; text-align:left; font-size:16px; text-align:left; font-family:Helvetica, sans-serif; color:#3c4858;\" for=\"COMPANY\">Company<\/label>\r\n\r\n                <div class=\"entry__field\">\r\n                  <input class=\"input \" maxlength=\"200\" type=\"text\" id=\"COMPANY\" name=\"COMPANY\" autocomplete=\"off\" \/>\r\n                <\/div>\r\n              <\/div>\r\n\r\n              <label class=\"entry__error entry__error--primary\" style=\"font-size:16px; text-align:left; font-family:Helvetica, sans-serif; color:#661d1d; background-color:#ffeded; border-radius:3px; border-color:#ff4949;\">\r\n              <\/label>\r\n            <\/div>\r\n          <\/div>\r\n        <\/div>\r\n        <div style=\"padding: 8px 0;\">\r\n          <div class=\"sib-input sib-form-block\">\r\n            <div class=\"form__entry entry_block\">\r\n              <div class=\"form__label-row \">\r\n                <label class=\"entry__label\" style=\"font-weight: 500; text-align:left; font-size:16px; text-align:left; font-family:Helvetica, sans-serif; color:#3c4858;\" for=\"COUNTRY\">Country<\/label>\r\n\r\n                <div class=\"entry__field\">\r\n                  <input class=\"input \" maxlength=\"200\" type=\"text\" id=\"COUNTRY\" name=\"COUNTRY\" autocomplete=\"off\" \/>\r\n                <\/div>\r\n              <\/div>\r\n\r\n              <label class=\"entry__error entry__error--primary\" style=\"font-size:16px; text-align:left; font-family:Helvetica, sans-serif; color:#661d1d; background-color:#ffeded; border-radius:3px; border-color:#ff4949;\">\r\n              <\/label>\r\n            <\/div>\r\n          <\/div>\r\n        <\/div>\r\n        <div style=\"padding: 8px 0;\">\r\n          <div class=\"sib-input sib-form-block\">\r\n            <div class=\"form__entry entry_block\">\r\n              <div class=\"form__label-row \">\r\n                <label class=\"entry__label\" style=\"font-weight: 500; text-align:left; font-size:16px; text-align:left; font-family:Helvetica, sans-serif; color:#3c4858;\" for=\"EMAIL\" data-required=\"*\">Email<\/label>\r\n\r\n                <div class=\"entry__field\">\r\n                  <input class=\"input \" type=\"text\" id=\"EMAIL\" name=\"EMAIL\" autocomplete=\"off\" data-required=\"true\" required \/>\r\n                <\/div>\r\n              <\/div>\r\n\r\n              <label class=\"entry__error entry__error--primary\" style=\"font-size:16px; text-align:left; font-family:Helvetica, sans-serif; color:#661d1d; background-color:#ffeded; border-radius:3px; border-color:#ff4949;\">\r\n              <\/label>\r\n\t\t\t\t<p class=\"recaptcha-text\">This site is protected by reCAPTCHA and the Google <a href=\"https:\/\/policies.google.com\/privacy\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Privacy Policy<\/a> and <a href=\"https:\/\/policies.google.com\/terms\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Terms of Service<\/a> apply.\r\n\t\t\t\t<\/p>\r\n            <\/div>\r\n          <\/div>\r\n        <\/div>\r\n        <div style=\"padding: 8px 0;\">\r\n          <div class=\"sib-form-block\" style=\"text-align: left\">\r\n            <button class=\"sib-form-block__button sib-form-block__button-with-loader\" form=\"sib-form\" type=\"submit\">\r\n              <svg class=\"icon clickable__icon progress-indicator__icon sib-hide-loader-icon\" viewBox=\"0 0 512 512\" style=\"\">\r\n                <path d=\"M460.116 373.846l-20.823-12.022c-5.541-3.199-7.54-10.159-4.663-15.874 30.137-59.886 28.343-131.652-5.386-189.946-33.641-58.394-94.896-95.833-161.827-99.676C261.028 55.961 256 50.751 256 44.352V20.309c0-6.904 5.808-12.337 12.703-11.982 83.556 4.306 160.163 50.864 202.11 123.677 42.063 72.696 44.079 162.316 6.031 236.832-3.14 6.148-10.75 8.461-16.728 5.01z\" \/>\r\n              <\/svg>\r\n              Subscribe here\r\n            <\/button>\r\n          <\/div>\r\n        <\/div>\r\n\r\n        <input type=\"text\" name=\"email_address_check\" value=\"\" class=\"input--hidden\">\r\n        <input type=\"hidden\" name=\"locale\" value=\"de\">\r\n      <\/form>\r\n    <\/div>\r\n  <\/div>\r\n<\/div>\r\n<!-- END - We recommend to place the above code where you want the form in your website html  -->\r\n\r\n<!-- START - We recommend to place the below code in footer or bottom of your website html  -->\r\n<script>\r\n  window.REQUIRED_CODE_ERROR_MESSAGE = 'Please select a country code.';\r\n  window.LOCALE = 'de';\r\n  window.EMAIL_INVALID_MESSAGE = window.SMS_INVALID_MESSAGE = \"The information you entered is invalid. Please check the field format and try again.\";\r\n\r\n  window.REQUIRED_ERROR_MESSAGE = \"This field must not be empty. \";\r\n\r\n  window.GENERIC_INVALID_MESSAGE = \"This field cannot be empty. The information you entered is invalid. Please check the field format and try again.\";\r\n\r\n  window.translation = {\r\n    common: {\r\n      selectedList: '{quantity} Liste ausgew\u00e4hlt',\r\n      selectedLists: '{quantity} Listen ausgew\u00e4hlt',\r\n      selectedOption: '{quantity} ausgew\u00e4hlt',\r\n      selectedOptions: '{quantity} ausgew\u00e4hlt',\r\n    }\r\n  };\r\n\r\n  var AUTOHIDE = Boolean(0);\r\n<\/script>\r\n\r\n<script defer src=\"https:\/\/sibforms.com\/forms\/end-form\/build\/main.js\"><\/script>\r\n\r\n<!-- END - We recommend to place the above code in footer or bottom of your website html  -->\r\n<!-- End Brevo Form --><p style=\"font-size:12px;padding-left:16px;\">Your e-mail address is only used to send you our newsletter and information about the activities of Cubro Network Visibility. You can always use the unsubscribe link included in the newsletter.<\/p><\/div><\/div>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"","protected":false},"author":10,"featured_media":0,"parent":27517,"menu_order":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","template":"","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"_searchwp_excluded":"","_uag_custom_page_level_css":"","neve_meta_sidebar":"","neve_meta_container":"","neve_meta_enable_content_width":"","neve_meta_content_width":0,"neve_meta_title_alignment":"","neve_meta_author_avatar":"","neve_post_elements_order":"","neve_meta_disable_header":"","neve_meta_disable_footer":"","neve_meta_disable_title":"","neve_meta_reading_time":"","_themeisle_gutenberg_block_has_review":false,"footnotes":""},"class_list":["post-29415","page","type-page","status-publish","hentry"],"acf":[],"uagb_featured_image_src":{"full":false,"thumbnail":false,"medium":false,"medium_large":false,"large":false,"1536x1536":false,"2048x2048":false,"neve-blog":false},"uagb_author_info":{"display_name":"Gianni","author_link":"https:\/\/www.cubro.com\/en\/blog\/author\/gianni\/"},"uagb_comment_info":0,"uagb_excerpt":null,"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.cubro.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/29415","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.cubro.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.cubro.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/page"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.cubro.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/10"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.cubro.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=29415"}],"version-history":[{"count":89,"href":"https:\/\/www.cubro.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/29415\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":29916,"href":"https:\/\/www.cubro.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/29415\/revisions\/29916"}],"up":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.cubro.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/27517"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.cubro.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=29415"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}